Evolving Perceptions and Attitudes to Adopting Generative AI in Professional Settings: Multicenter Longitudinal Qualitative Study of Senior Chinese Hospital Leaders

作者：Zheng Zhi, Jing Zhao, Qiang Li, Qingxia Li, Meifang Xu, Yan Zuo, Ming Wang, Jiankang Liu, Jingyi Guan, Jia Wang · 发表于：Journal of Medical Internet Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.2196/75531 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education、AI in Service Interactions、Ethics and Social Impacts of AI

Background: The rapid evolution of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is transforming health care globally. In China, hospitals are rapidly embracing digital transformation. Senior leaders are pivotal in influencing and deciding the adoption of GenAI technologies in professional settings. However, evidence on their perceptions and attitudes and how they evolve over time is lacking. Objective: This study aims to investigate senior Chinese hospital leaders' perceptions relating to GenAI and their attitudes toward adopting GenAI technologies in professional settings and to document how their perspectives evolve. Methods: A longitudinal, descriptive qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach. Senior leaders, including hospital directors/deputies and department heads/deputies, from 3 tertiary hospitals across the Hebei, Guangdong, and Sichuan provinces were purposively sampled. Data were collected through semistructured telephone interviews at two time points (baseline and 6 months later). Interview transcriptions were analyzed using Colaizzi's method to extract themes related to knowledge acquisition, attitudinal shifts, and evolving barriers and facilitators to GenAI adoption. Results: A total of 32 participants were interviewed in August 2024 and February 2025, including 11 (34.4%) participants from Hebei, 12 (37.5%) from Sichuan, and 9 (28.1%) from Guangdong. Their roles included 8 (25%) hospital directors/deputies and 24 (75%) department heads/d...