Efficacy of immunotherapy in advanced ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer patients with disease progression on ALK-TKIs

作者：Danni Wang, Yujing Li, Beibei Liu, Yuqing Lou, Lele Zhang, Yueran Sun, Fangfei Qian, Jun Lü, Fusheng Li, Edyta Maria Urbanska, Diego Kauffmann‐Guerrero, Xiaoping Wu, Baohui Han, Yanwei Zhang, Wei Zhang · 发表于：Translational Lung Cancer Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.21037/tlcr-2025-505 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers、Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations、Lung Cancer Research Studies

Background: ) rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains an unmet need. Among these patients, the efficacy of immunotherapy has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with ALK-TKI-resistant NSCLC, stratified by programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression. Methods: -rearrangement, who were treated with immunotherapy or chemotherapy after the development of ALK-TKI resistance at the Shanghai Chest Hospital. Progression-free survival (PFS) was used to evaluate the outcomes. Results: 2.9 months; P=0.68). The PD-L1-positive patients who underwent re-biopsy after the development of TKI resistance and who received immunotherapy had a PFS of 7.8 months, while those who received non-immunotherapy had a PFS of 2.7 months (P=0.002). Conclusions: This was the first real-world retrospective study to show that some patients with positive PD-L1 expression may benefit from immune-based therapy after the development of ALK-TKI resistance. However, we still recommend biopsy for patients who develop ALK-TKI resistance to provide further treatment guidance.