Host-driven remodeling of rumen microbiota supports lactation metabolism in buffalo

作者：Zixu Ding, Yixue Xu, Yan Wang, M.Y. Liu, Peng Zhu, Kuiqing Cui, Chunyan Yang, Changlong Xu, Tong Feng, Qingyou Liu · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2025.1617388 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology、Reproductive Physiology in Livestock、Animal health and immunology

Introduction Rumen microbiota and host metabolites play a key role in regulating ruminant production performance and physiological adaptation. However, the interplay between host physiological status and rumen microbial-metabolite dynamics across lactation stages in buffaloes remains unclear. Methods This study employed a multi-omics approach, integrating metagenomic and serum metabolomic analyses, to investigate microbial remodeling and metabolic adaptations in buffaloes during lactation and dry periods. Results Metagenomic analysis revealed increased abundances of Anaerovibrio , Succiniclasticum , and Methanobrevibacter_A during lactation, associated with lipid hydrolysis, propionate production, and methanogenesis, respectively. Glycoside hydrolase families GH2, GH3, GH5, and GH13 were enriched, indicating elevated carbohydrate degradation potential. In contrast, Butyrivibrio , Fibrobacter , and Eubacterium_Q were predominant during the dry period, contributing to fiber degradation and butyrate synthesis. Functional pathways related to niacin metabolism, bicarbonate reabsorption, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction were significantly upregulated during lactation. Metabolomic profiling identified lactation-enriched metabolites such as indole-3-methylacetate, D-maltose, and gluconic acid, correlating with immune and metabolic indicators (e.g., IgA, glucose, LDL). Conversely, dry period metabolites such as 1-methylhistidine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid indicated phys...