Shotgun metagenomics analysis of gut microbiota of three indigenous fish species from the Kizil River, Xinjiang

作者：Jingru Yang, Zhuang Qiang, Dandan Zhang, Huimin Hao, Jie Wei, Hamid Syeda Maira, Weimin Wang, Zhulan Nie · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2025.1617701 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Aquaculture disease management and microbiota、Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts

This study investigates the gut microbiota composition and functional adaptations in three indigenous fish species from the Kizil River, Xinjiang: Schizothorax biddulphi (SB), Diptychus maculatus (DM), and Triplophysa yarkandensis (TY), recognizing their ecological significance and the need for conservation insights. Shotgun metagenomics was employed to profile the gut microbiota and functional potential. Taxonomic and functional annotations were analyzed, including identification of dominant taxa, biomarkers (LEfSe), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways for metabolic functions, and Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZy) database annotations. Environmental parameters (crude oil pollution, nitrogen levels, pathogen presence) were assessed, and dietary shifts during overwintering were characterized. Distinct gut microbiota profiles were identified: Proteobacteria, Acinetobacter , and Pseudomonas were dominant overall. Species-specific biomarkers were Micromonospora (DM); Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Aeromonas, and Bacillus (SB); and Mucoromycota, Vibrio, and Alcanivorax (TY). DM and SB exhibited significantly higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios and enhanced nutrient utilization capabilities compared to TY. Key functional pathways included enriched fructose/mannose metabolism (SB) and oxidative phosphorylation (DM). CAZy analysis revealed high CE3 abundance across species, with GT6/GT10 (SB) and PL22 (TY) serving as unique enzymatic biomarkers. Dietary shifts du...