Ozone Production Efficiencies in the Three Largest United States Cities from Airborne Measurements

作者：Wyndom Chace, Caroline C. Womack, Katherine Ball, Kelvin H. Bates, Birger Bohn, Matthew M. Coggon, John D. Crounse, Hendrik Fuchs, J. B. Gilman, Georgios I. Gkatzelis, Christopher M. Jernigan, Gordon A. Novak, Anna Novelli, Jeff Peischl, I. B. Pollack, Michael Robinson, Andrew W. Rollins, Nell B. Schafer, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Morgan Selby, Aaron Stainsby, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Rose D. Taylor, Victoria Treadaway, Patrick R. Veres, C. Warneke, Eleanor M. Waxman, P. O. Wennberg, Glenn M. Wolfe, Lu Xu, Kristen Zuraski, Steven S. Brown · 发表于：Environmental Science & Technology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1021/acs.est.5c02073 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols、Air Quality and Health Impacts、Atmospheric Ozone and Climate

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Despite ongoing reductions in emissions of ozone (O 3 ) precursors, nitrogen oxides (NO x = NO + NO 2 ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the three largest urban areas in the United States ─ New York City (NYC), Chicago, and Los Angeles (LA) ─ continue to exceed national air quality standards for O 3 . Airborne measurements during the 2023 Atmospheric Emissions and Reactions Observed from Megacities to Marine Areas (AEROMMA) campaign investigated nonlinear O 3 photochemistry in these cities. We report mean ozone production efficiency (OPE), the enhancement ratio of O x (= O 3 + NO 2 ) to NO x oxidation products, of 9 ± 4 (1σ), 6 ± 3, and 6 ± 3 ppbv ppbv –1 in NYC, Chicago, and LA, respectively. Compared to historical values, OPE has increased in NYC but remains constant in LA. We find that OPE during AEROMMA has a nonlinear, inverse relationship with total reactive nitrogen (NO y, a proxy for initial NO x ) and a positive correlation with the nonmethane VOC to NO y enhancement ratio. A zero-dimensional photochemical model supports these observed OPE dependences on NO x and VOCs and shows that OPE is a distinct metric from total O 3 production that is informative to the development of O 3 pollution control strategies. We find that OPE values have higher variability, and a larger increase with NO x emissions reductions, in areas that experience NO x -sensitive rather than NO x -saturated O 3 photochemistry; nonetheless, NO...