Improving the stability of black soil microbial communities through long-term application of biochar to optimize the characteristics of DOM components

作者：Yu Hu, Yan Li, Kangmeng Liu, Chuanqi Shi, Wei Wang, Zhenguo Yang, Ke Xu, Shuo Li, Yuxian Wang, Jin Liang, Dan Wei, Lilong Yan · 发表于：Biochar · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s42773-025-00473-z · 被引用次数：21 · 研究领域：Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology、Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics、Phytase and its Applications

Abstract Biochar has demonstrated to have ability to improve soil properties and boost plant productivity. However, the underlying mechanisms by which dissolved organic matter (DOM) fluorescent components and microbial communities in black soil regions contribute to plant productivity remain uncertain. To address this gap, a long-term field experiment was conducted in Northeastern China’s black soil region, investigating how varying biochar application rates (0, 15.75, 31.50, and 47.25 t ha⁻ 1 ) influence DOM fluorescence properties and the composition of soil microbial communities. Employing fluorescence excitation–emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) and high-throughput sequencing, the research systematically analyzed how biochar amendments influence DOM composition, fluorescence properties, microbial diversity, and their interrelations. The findings demonstrated that biochar significantly modified DOM composition, increasing the proportions of protein-like and humic substances while enhancing its aromaticity and stability. A medium application rate (31.5 t ha⁻ 1 ) notably improved alpha- and beta-diversity within the soil microbial community, optimized a co-occurrence network dominated by Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and facilitated key DOM transformations and nutrient cycling. In contrast, a high biochar application rate (47.25 t ha⁻ 1 ) negatively impacted the stability of microbial communities. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that bioc...