Graphene-Based Plasmonic Antenna for Advancing Nano-Scale Sensors

作者：Waqas Ahmad, Yihuan Wang, Guangqing Du, Qing Yang, Feng Chen · 发表于：Nanomaterials · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/nano15120943 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research、Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications、Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications

The integration of two-dimensional graphene with gold nanostructures has significantly advanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based optical biosensors, due to graphene's exceptional optical, electronic, and surface properties. This review examines recent developments in graphene-based hybrid nanomaterials designed to enhance SPR sensor performance. The synergistic combination of graphene and other functional materials enables superior plasmonic sensitivity, improves biomolecular interaction, and enhances signal transduction. Key focus areas include the fundamental principle of graphene-enhanced SPR, the functional advantages of graphene hybrid platforms, and their recent applications in detecting biomolecules, disease biomarkers, and pathogens. Finally, current limitations and potential future perspectives are discussed, highlighting the transformative potential of these hybrid nanomaterials in next-generation optical biosensing.