Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Sterile Inflammatory Diseases

作者：Yongping Ji, Tao Li, Yuhui Qin, Shu-Yan Xiao, Yahui Lv, Yiwen Dong, Xiaoran Cui, Yi Hu · 发表于：Journal of Inflammation Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.2147/jir.s526936 · 被引用次数：20 · 研究领域：Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms、Vasculitis and related conditions、Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) are fibrous web-like structures released by neutrophils in response to pathogenic infections or inflammatory stimuli. Composed of decondensed chromatin DNA, histones, and granular proteins, NETs primarily function to eliminate pathogens through physical entrapment and biochemical cytotoxicity. However, they may also contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. While NETs played an important role in pathogen defense, their non-specific components can also damage surrounding tissues, exacerbating inflammation. The role and mechanisms of NETs in various diseases have been well-documented, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases. This review aims to elaborate on the mechanisms by which NETs mediate sterile inflammation.