Grasslands

作者：James R. Ehleringer, Russell K. Monson · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1201/9781315118017-5 · 研究领域：Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology

This chapter delves into the intricacies of grasslands, emphasizing their relatively recent emergence on a geological timescale despite the ancient lineage of grasses. The graminoid life form demonstrates a remarkable adaptation to the open habitat characteristic of grasslands. A distinction is made between temperate grasslands, known as prairies or steppes, and tropical grasslands, referred to as savannas. The sustainability of grasslands hinges on patterns of summer precipitation and seasonal droughts, with productivity highly sensitive to fluctuations in mean annual precipitation. While graminoids dominate these ecosystems, the presence of forbs and shrubs adds to their biodiversity. The structure and diversity of grasslands are significantly influenced by disturbance events, yet these vital ecosystems face numerous threats from human activities. The chapter underscores the importance of understanding and preserving grasslands in the face of these challenges.