Sleep deficiency exacerbates periodontal inflammation via trigeminal TRPV1 neurons

作者：Junhui Li, Zhizhong Cui, Hongyu Gong, Yan Zhang, Zhenlin Yuan, Zi-Hao Zhang, Zi-Hao Zhang, Zengyi Ma, Nan Zhou, Chuanxin Huang, Yao Zhao, Xia Li, Zhi Zhang, Zhi Zhang, Yao Sun · 发表于：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1073/pnas.2424169122 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Neuroscience of respiration and sleep、Sleep and Wakefulness Research、Asthma and respiratory diseases

Periodontitis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, profoundly impacts both quality of life and overall health. Clinical studies have suggested a correlation between periodontitis and sleep deficiency, but the underlying mechanisms involved remain elusive. Here, we observed an elevated risk of periodontitis in individuals with sleep deficiency, as demonstrated in both clinical subjects and mouse models. Retrograde tracing from the periodontium revealed a neural connection from trigeminal TRPV1 neurons, which may mediate the aggravating effects of sleep deficiency on periodontitis. The ablation of TRPV1 neurons effectively mitigated the aggravating effects of sleep deficiency on periodontitis. Under periodontitis, sleep restriction increased the secretion of substance P from trigeminal neurons in the periodontium, enhancing vasodilation and vascular permeability, which in turn promoted the infiltration of proinflammatory immune cells. Blocking substance P signaling via a Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist or knocking down Tacr1 in vascular endothelial cells alleviated these detrimental effects. Our findings unveil a critical neuron-vessel-immune axis that exacerbates periodontitis during sleep deficiency and suggest potential therapeutic strategies targeting this axis for managing periodontitis in individuals suffering from sleep deficiency.