Enhancing Neurocognitive Health via Activity, Nutrition and Cognitive Exercise (ENHANCE): A Randomized Controlled Trial

作者：Li‐Ning Peng, Pei‐Lin Lee, Kun‐Hsien Chou, Wei‐Ju Lee, Ching‐Po Lin, Chih‐Wen Chang, Chih‐Kuang Liang, Chih‐Ping Chung, Fei‐Yuan Hsiao, Liang‐Kung Chen · 发表于：Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/jcsm.13830 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research、Traumatic Brain Injury Research、Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications

ABSTRACT Background While multidomain interventions show promise for promoting healthy aging, their impact on brain structure remains unclear. This randomized controlled trial (ENHANCE) assessed the efficacy of a 12‐month group‐based multidomain intervention on brain structure and function in community‐dwelling older adults, with particular attention to urban–rural disparities. Methods The ENHANCE trial delivered twice‐weekly group‐based multidomain sessions (physical exercise, cognitive training and nutrition education) in urban and rural communities for 12 months, while the control group received quarterly telephone education. A total of 88 participants completed the trial (attendance rates > 60% across all sites), with 76 completing longitudinal MRI assessments (intervention: n = 35; control: n = 41). The intervention group ( n = 44; 75.0% female) was significantly older than the control group ( n = 44; 70.5% female) (75.0 ± 6.6 vs. 72.3 ± 5.0 years, p = 0.035) and had lower BMI (23.4 vs. 25.2 kg/m 2 , p = 0.016) at baseline. The primary outcomes were brain structures (voxel‐based changes in brain grey matter volume [GMV]), while secondary outcomes were functional outcomes (physical performance, nutritional status, cognitive function, psychosocial assessments and cardiometabolic biomarkers). Results Using two‐stage tensor‐based morphometry analysis, the intervention group demonstrated significantly less GMV reduction in regions over the left inferior temporal lobe compa...