Residual Inflammatory Risk and Intracranial Atherosclerosis Plaque Vulnerability: Insights From High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging

作者：Ying Yu, Rongrong Cui, Xin He, Xinxin Shi, Zhikai Hou, Yuesong Pan, Mingyao Li, Jiabao Yang, Zhongrong Miao, Yongjun Wang, Rong Wang, Xin Lou, Long Yan, Ning Ma · 发表于：Journal of Stroke · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.5853/jos.2024.03251 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases、Acute Ischemic Stroke Management、Moyamoya disease diagnosis and treatment

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the association between residual inflammatory risk (RIR) and vulnerable plaques using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). METHODS: This retrospective study included 70%-99% symptomatic ICAS patients hospitalized from January 2016 to December 2022. Patients were classified into four groups based on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C): residual cholesterol inflammatory risk (RCIR, hs-CRP ≥3 mg/L and LDL-C ≥2.6 mmol/L), RIR (hs-CRP ≥3 mg/L and LDL-C <2.6 mmol/L), residual cholesterol risk (RCR, hs-CRP <3 mg/L and LDL-C ≥2.6 mmol/L), and no residual risk (NRR, hs-CRP <3 mg/L and LDL-C <2.6 mmol/L). Vulnerable plaque features on HRMRI included positive remodeling, diffuse distribution, intraplaque hemorrhage, and strong enhancement. RESULTS: Among 336 included patients, 21, 60, 58, and 197 were assigned to the RCIR, RIR, RCR, and NRR groups, respectively. Patients with RCIR (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.606; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.346-9.662; P=0.011) and RIR (aOR, 3.361; 95% CI, 1.774-6.368, P<0.001) had higher risks of strong enhancement than those with NRR. Additionally, patients with RCIR (aOR, 2.965; 95% CI, 1.060-8.297; P=0.038) were more likely to have intraplaque hemorrhage compared with those with NRR. In the sensitivity analysis, RCR (aOR, 2.595; 95% CI, 1.201-5.608; P=0.015) e...