Pesticide concentrations in multiple physical and biological stream matrices are impacted by a bioenergy production facility receiving pesticide-coated corn seeds

作者：Michelle L. Hladik, Dana W. Kolpin, Matthew De Parsia, Daniel D. Snow, Shannon L. Bartelt‐Hunt, Brenda K. Densmore, L.E. Hubbard, David L. Rus, Jonathan J. Spurgeon, Brittany G. Perrotta, Karen A. Kidd, Johanna M. Kraus, Carrie E. Givens, Christopher J. Kotalik, David Walters · 发表于：Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1093/etojnl/vgaf139 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies、Insect and Pesticide Research、Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

Insecticide and fungicide seed coatings have become prevalent in conventional agriculture in recent decades. From 2015-2021, the AltEn bioenergy plant (Mead, Nebraska, USA) generated ethanol from almost 100% unused/expired treated corn seeds. This use of these seeds for ethanol production resulted in the accumulation of large amounts of contaminated wastewater and solid residue, a portion of which was applied to surrounding farmland. To better understand the potential long-term environmental effects from the processing of treated seeds at this facility, five nearby stream sites were sampled in 2022 after the closure of the plant; these included two sites directly affected by AltEn, one upstream and two downstream of the affected sites. Water and sediment were collected in March through July, and algae and fish samples were collected in July for chemical analysis. Overall, 60 pesticide compounds (parents and transformation products) were detected in one or more matrices, including 23 fungicides, 20 insecticides, 16 herbicides, and one bacterial growth inhibitor. Pesticide results (maximum detection frequency, maximum concentration) varied substantially by environmental compartment: water (100% multiple pesticides, 4,600 ng L-1 thiamethoxam transformation product [NOA-407475]), algae (100% multiple pesticides, 190 ng g-1 atrazine), sediment (60% dithiopyr, 2.3 ng g-1 acetochlor), and fish (20% pyraclostrobin, 2.2 ng g-1 atrazine). Pesticides associated with treated corn seeds (...