Lower water-soluble vitamins and higher homocysteine are associated with neurodegenerative diseases

作者：Cuiping Zhang, Yao Hu, Xinyi Cao, Yuhang Deng, Yuting Wang, Ming Guan, Xiaoyan Wu, Haoqin Jiang · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-025-03859-y · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Folate and B Vitamins Research、Fluoride Effects and Removal、Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency

Evidence of the effects of water-soluble vitamins (e.g., B vitamins, vitamin C, and total folate) on cognitive function in patients with neurodegenerative diseases is mixed. Furthermore, the relationships among homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism, water-soluble vitamins, and cognitive impairment remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of the levels of water-soluble vitamins [e.g., vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5mTHF), B12, and C and total folate] and Hcy in dementia progression in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 280 healthy controls and 646 patients with a neurodegenerative disease. Patients were classified into a Parkinson's disease (PD) group (n = 312), Alzheimer's disease (AD) group (n = 219), or other dementia group (n = 115) according to pathological features. The other dementia group comprised 25 patients with frontotemporal dementia, 38 with Lewy body dementia, 34 with vascular dementia, and 18 with semantic dementia. Serum vitamins (i.e., B1, B2, B3, B5, VB6, 5mTHF, and C) were measured via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Total Hcy, vitamin B12 and total folate levels were measured using commercial electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. The serum levels of vitamins B1, B2, B5, B6, 5mTHF, and C were lower in all patient groups than in the control group. The logistic regression results revealed that lower levels of serum vitamins B2, B6, 5mTHF, and...