The association of sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia and cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

作者：Jiahui Huang, Min Li, Qi Luo, Jing Li · 发表于：PLoS ONE · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1371/journal.pone.0324258 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Nutrition and Health in Aging、Frailty in Older Adults、Heart Failure Treatment and Management

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, and cognitive impairment, and to analyze the impact of potential moderating factors. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, EmBase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Databases, VIP and SinoMed from inception until March 2025. The quality of cross-sectional studies was assessed using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Scale, while the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of included case-control and cohort studies. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were employed to explore potential moderating variables and heterogeneity. RESULTS: A total of 31 studies were included in this systematic review, of which 27 studies were quantitatively analyzed. The meta-analysis revealed that both sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia significantly associated with cognitive impairment (OR=1.88, 95%CI = 1.71-2.08), (OR=1.96, 95%CI = 1.50-2.58). Subgroup analyses revealed a stronger association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in specific demographics: among females with sarcopenia (OR=3.22, 95%CI = 1.23-8.40), in Asian populations (OR=1.96, 95%CI = 1.76-2.18), and within hospital settings (OR=3.12, 95%CI = 2.18-4.48). These findings underscore the influence of gender, ethnicity, and healthcare environment on the relationship between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. An assessment of publication bias within studies providing...