Lipoprotein(a) and panvascular disease

作者：Ruiyan Xu, Zhenwei Wang, Jiayu Dong, Miao Yu, Yue Zhou · 发表于：Lipids in Health and Disease · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12944-025-02600-y · 被引用次数：21 · 研究领域：Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health、Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins、Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism

Panvascular disease (PVD) is an emerging clinical concept that encompasses a spectrum of atherosclerotic conditions involving multiple major vascular beds, including the coronary, cerebral, peripheral, and valvular arteries. Although not formally recognized as a nosological entity, in this review, PVD is adopted as a conceptual framework to reflect the systemic nature of atherosclerosis affecting vascular territories supplying the heart, brain, and peripheral circulation. This perspective enables a more integrated understanding of disease processes across organ systems that are often studied in isolation. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a genetically regulated, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like particle that has garnered increasing attention as an independent pathogenic risk factor for PVD. Accumulating evidence from epidemiological, genetic, and mechanistic studies has confirmed the multifaceted role of Lp(a) in promoting atherogenesis, vascular calcification, inflammation, and thrombogenesis across multiple vascular beds. Elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event risk, even after controlling for traditional risk factors. This review systematically outlines the structure, genetic determinants, and pathogenic mechanisms of Lp(a), and synthesizes current clinical evidence regarding its role in various PVD subtypes. The interactions between Lp(a) and traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and...