Growth physiology, genomics, and proteomics of Desulfurivibrio dismutans sp. nov., an obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur disproportionating and ammonifying haloalkaliphile from soda lakes

作者：Dimitry Y. Sorokin, Alexander Y. Merkel, Rustam Ziganshin, Ilya V. Kublanov · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2025.1590477 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology、Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies、Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal

Elemental sulfur disproportionation combined with obligate autotrophy is a unique type of sulfur-based anaerobic metabolism known in a limited number of bacteria, primarily found among the members of Desulfobacterota phylum. Until recently, the only characterized alkaliphilic representative of this group was Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus , originally isolated as an H 2 -dependent sulfur reducer. In this study, we describe the properties of a novel species within this genus, Desulfurivibrio dismutans strain AMeS2, which was originally enriched and isolated from a soda lake sample as an autotrophic elemental sulfur disproportionating bacterium. Similar to D. alkaliphilus AHT 2 T , D. dismutans AMeS2 is an obligately alkaliphilic and moderately salt-tolerant autotrophic bacterium. In contrast to known neutrophilic sulfur disproportionating bacteria, it is capable of disproportionating sulfur without Fe(III). It can also grow by dissimilatory sulfur reduction to sulfide or nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) with formate (but not with H 2 ) as the electron donor. The addition of formate to sulfur-disproportionating AMeS2 culture significantly increased the sulfur-reducing activity but did not completely abolish the oxidative branch of sulfur disproportionation. Genome analysis confirmed the presence of dissimilatory sulfur oxidation and dissimilatory sulfur and nitrate reduction machineries in the strain. S 0 disproportionation occurs by means of cytoplasmic dissimilatory sulfite...