Correlation between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody formation

作者：Hao Huang, Yu-Jie Zang, Zhengguo Li, Qian Li, Chang Ma, Haiyuan Zhao, Hang Li · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2025.1593577 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies、SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms

Objective: To investigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the formation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). Methods: Serum samples from 154 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 were collected and tested for ANCA and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to confirm the target antigens in ANCA fluorescence-positive samples. Eighty-seven healthy individuals were selected as the control group. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The ANCA fluorescence positivity rate in the control group (1.1%) was not significantly different from that in COVID-19 positive patients (2.5%) (χ² = 0.574, P > 0.05). Among COVID-19 positive patients, 4 cases (2.5%) were ANCA fluorescence positive, while 10 cases (6.4%) were ANA positive. The difference between these two rates was not statistically significant (χ² = 2.694, P > 0.05). Conclusion: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has minimal association with the formation of serum ANCA.