Melatonin rhythm disorder is more pronounced in major depressive disorder with non-suicidal self-injury

作者：Xiaojuan Hu, Aiguo Zhang, Chao Wang, Xulai Zhang · 发表于：Frontiers in Neuroscience · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fnins.2025.1534715 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Circadian rhythm and melatonin、Sleep and related disorders、Tryptophan and brain disorders

Introduction Disruptions in melatonin (MT) rhythms have been linked to major depressive disorder (MDD) and may be further associated with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). This study investigates whether MDD patients with NSSI exhibit more pronounced MT rhythm disturbances and whether these disruptions correlate with NSSI-related thoughts and the motivation to cease self-injury. Methods The study included 100 participants aged 14–24 years, including 30 healthy controls (HC) and 70 inpatients diagnosed with MDD. The MDD group was further divided into those with NSSI (NSSI group, n = 35) and those without NSSI (Non-NSSI group, n = 35). Salivary MT levels were measured at six intervals (12 a.m., 8 a.m., 11 a.m., 1 p.m., 4 p.m., and 10 p.m.) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory (OSI) assessed NSSI perception and motivation in the NSSI group. Results Melatonin levels were significantly lower across all six time points in the NSSI group compared to both the Non-NSSI and HC groups ( P < 0.05), and MT circadian rhythms were notably absent in the NSSI group. Correlational analysis revealed specific associations between MT levels and NSSI behavior, with MT levels at 1 PM positively correlated with invasive self-harm impulses (r = 0.487, P = 0.003, 95% CI: 0.141 to 0.834) and MT levels at 8 a.m. and 11 a.m. inversely correlated with the desire to stop self-injury (r = −0.427, P = 0.010, 95% CI: −0.774 to −0.081; r = 0.348, P = 0.040, 95...