Spatiotemporal variations in atmospheric CH 4 concentrations and enhancements in northern China based on a comprehensive dataset: ground-based observations, TROPOMI data, inventory data, and inversions

作者：Pengfei Han, Ning Zeng, Binbin Yao, Wen Zhang, Weijun Quan, Pucai Wang, Ting Wang, Minqiang Zhou, Qixiang Cai, Yuzhong Zhang, Ruosi Liang, Wanqi Sun, Shengxiang Liu · 发表于：Atmospheric chemistry and physics · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.5194/acp-25-4965-2025 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics、Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols、Atmospheric Ozone and Climate

Abstract. Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas with a global warming potential that is 28–36-fold higher than that of CO2 at the 100-year scale. Northern China notably contributes to CH4 emissions. However, high uncertainties remain in emissions, and observation gaps exist in this region, especially in urban areas. Here, we compiled a comprehensive dataset (available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10957950) (Han et al., 2024b), including ground- and satellite-based observations, inventory data, and modeling results, to study the CH4 concentration, enhancement, and spatiotemporal variation in this area. High-precision in situ observations from Beijing and Xianghe revealed that obvious seasonal cycles and notable enhancements (500–1500 ppb) occurred at a regional background site (Shangdianzi). We found significant increasing trends in the CH4 concentration over time in both the ground- and satellite-based observations and positive correlations between these observations. Anthropogenic emissions largely contributed to surface concentration variations and their increases in middle and southern Shanxi Province and Hebei Province. The posterior concentrations generally agreed well with the surface in situ observations (mean biases ranging from −2.3 to 80.7 ppb), and the RMSE ranges from 110 to 185 ppb, which is in the range from 5 % to 10 % of the XCH4. Moreover, a generally spatially consistent pattern was observed between the results of posterior results and the Tropospher...