Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma

作者：Gang Li, Jiheng Wang, Qigen Fang, Liyuan Dai, Wei Du · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2025.1571285 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Head and Neck Cancer Studies、Oral Health Pathology and Treatment、Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions

Background: To assess the oncologic outcomes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent treatment with radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation therapy (CRT) following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery. Methods: Data from patients who underwent neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant therapy were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcomes assessed were 3-year overall survival and locoregional control. Secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR), rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and major pathologic response (MPR), as well as safety. Results: A total of 137 patients were included in the analysis. Neoadjuvant therapy yielded an ORR of 81.7%, with pCR and MPR achieved in 47 and 73 patients, respectively. Grade III and IV adverse events were rare, comprising only 1.6% of all events. The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to RT did not show a significant reduction in the risk of locoregional recurrence. However, with regards to overall survival, the hazard ratios were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.73-0.96) for the MPR group and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.37-0.89) for the pCR group, both significantly higher than that in patients with incomplete pathologic response. The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to RT was associated with a 5% reduction in the risk of mortality (95% CI: 1%-14%), the protective effect of CRT was the most obvious in patients with MPR. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy demonst...