Maternal Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Pregnancy and Offspring Blood Pressure at Age 2 to 18 Years

作者：Zhongzheng Niu, Ako Adams Ako, Sarah Dee Geiger, Caitlin G. Howe, Wei Perng, Rachana Singh, Margaret R. Karagas, Amy J. Elliott, Andrea E. Cassidy‐Bushrow, Carlos A. Camargo, Keia Sanderson, Cynthia T. McEvoy, Emily Oken, Dana Dabelea, Tina V. Hartert, Brian S. Carter, Annemarie Stroustrup, Andrea Lampland, Thomas G. O’Connor, Semsa Gogcu, Mark L. Hudak, Lyndsey E. Shorey‐Kendrick, Qi Zhao, Yu Ni, Jeffrey J. VanWormer, Assiamira Ferrara, Monique M. Hedderson, Yeyi Zhu, Akram N. Alshawabkeh, José F. Cordero, Daphne Koinis‐Mitchell, Susan Carnell, Carrie V. Breton, Theresa M. Bastain, Shohreh F. Farzan, Shohreh F. Farzan, P. Brian Smith, L. Kristin Newby, Linda S. Adair, Lisa P. Jacobson, Diane Catellier, Monica McGrath, Christian Douglas, Priya Duggal, Emily A. Knapp, Amii Kress, Courtney K. Blackwell, Maxwell Mansolf, Jin‐Shei Lai, Emily Ho, David Cella, Richard Gershon, Michelle L. Macy, Suman R. Das, Jane E. Freedman, S. Mallal, John A. McLean, Ravi V. Shah, Meghan H. Shilts, John Meeker, Leonardo Trasande, Kohei Hasegawa, Zhaozhong Zhu, Ashley F. Sullivan, Traci A. Bekelman, Greta Wilkening, Sheryl Magzamen, Brianna F. Moore, Anne P. Starling, Deborah Rinehart, Viren D’Sa, Sean Deoni, Hans-Georg Mueller, Cristiane S. Duarte, Catherine Monk, Glorisa Canino, Jonathan Posner, Tenneill Murray, Claudia Lugo‐Candelas, Anne L. Dunlop, Patricia A. Brennan, Christine W. Hockett, Lisa Croen, John Ainsworth, Leonard B. Bacharier, Casper G. Bendixsen, James E. Gern, Diane R. Gold, Daniel J. Jackson, Christine Cole Johnson, Christine L.M. Joseph, Meyer Kattan, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Robert F. Lemanske, Susan V. Lynch, Rachel Miller, Carole Ober, Dennis R. Ownby, Katherine Rivera‐Spoljaric, Patrick Ryan, Christine M. Seroogy, Anne Marie Singh, R.J.K. Wood, Edward M. Zoratti, Rima Habre, Shohreh Farzan, Shohreh Farzan, Frank D. Gilliland, Irva Hertz‐Picciotto, Deborah H. Bennett, Julie B. Schweitzer, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Janine M. LaSalle, Alison E. Hipwell, Catherine J. Karr, Nicole R. Bush, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Frances A. Tylavsky, Kecia N. Carroll, Christine T. Loftus, Leslie D. Leve, Jody M. Ganiban, Jenae M. Neiderhiser, Scott T. Weiss, Augusto A. Litonjua, Eliot R. Spindel, Robert S. Tepper, Craig J. Newschaffer, Kristen Lyall, Heather E. Volk, Rebecca Landa, Sally Ozonoff, Joseph Piven, Heather C. Hazlett, Juhi Pandey, Robert T. Schultz, Steven Dager, Kelly N. Botteron, Daniel S. Messinger, Wendy L. Stone, Jennifer Ames, Thomas O’Connor, Richard K. Miller, Michele R. Hacker, Tamarra James‐Todd, T. Michael O’Shea, Rebecca C. Fry, Jean A. Frazier, Caitlin Rollins, Angela Montgomery, Ruben Vaidya, Robert M. Joseph, Lisa K. Washburn, Kelly Bear, Julie V. Rollins, Stephen R. Hooper, Genevieve Taylor, Wesley Jackson, Amanda L. Thompson, Julie L. Daniels, Michelle Hernandez, Kun Lu, Michael E. Msall, Madeleine Lenski, Rawad Obeid, Steven L. Pastyrnak, Elizabeth T. Jensen, Christina Sakai, Hudson P. Santos, Jean M. Kerver, Nigel Paneth, Charles Barone, Michael R. Elliott, Douglas M. Ruden, Chris Fussman, Julie B. Herbstman, Amy Margolis, Susan L. Schantz, Andréa Sílvia Walter de Aguiar, Karen M. Tabb, Rita S. Strakovsky, Tracey J. Woodruff, Rachel Morello‐Frosch, Amy Padula, Joseph B. Stanford, Christina A. Porucznik, Angelo P. Giardino, Rosalind J. Wright, Robert O. Wright, Brent R. Collett, Nicole Baumann-Blackmore, Ronald E. Gangnon, Chris McKennan, Jo Wilson, Matt Altman, Judy L. Aschner, Stephanie L. Merhar, Paul E. Moore, Gloria Pryhuber, Ann Marie Reynolds Lyndaker, Burton Rochelson, Sophie Jan, Matthew J. Blitz, Michelle Katzow, Zenobia Brown, Codruța Chiuzan, Timothy J. Rafael, Dawnette Lewis, Natalie Meirowitz, Brenda B. Poindexter, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Sarah S. Osmundson, Jennifer K. Straughen, Amy Eapen, Ganesa Wegienka, Alex Sitarik, Kim Woodcroft, Audrey Urquhart, Albert M. Levin, Tisa Johnson-Hooper, Brent Davidson, Tengfei Ma, Emily S. Barrett, Martin J. Blaser, Maria Gloria Domínguez-Bello, Daniel B. Horton, Manuel Jiménez, Todd Rosen, Kristy Palomares, Lyndsay A. Avalos, Kelly J . Hunt, Roger Newman, Michael S. Bloom, Mallory Alkis, James R. Roberts, Sunni L. Mumford, Heather H. Burris, Sara B. DeMauro, Lynn M. Yee, Aaron Hamvas, Antonia F. Olidipo, Andrew Haddad, Lisa R. Eiland, Nicole T. Spillane, Kirin Suri, Stephanie A. Fisher, Jeffrey A. Goldstein, Leena B. Mithal, Raye‐Ann deRegnier, Nathalie L. Maitre, Ruby H.N. Nguyen, Meghan M. JaKa, Abbey Sidebottom, Michael J. Paidas, JoNell Potter, Natale Ruby, Lunthita Duthely, Arumugam R. Jayakumar, Karen Young, Isabel Maldonado, Meghan Miller, Jonathan L. Slaughter, Sarah A. Keim, Courtney D. Lynch, Kartik K. Venkatesh, Kristina W. Whitworth, Elaine Symanski, Thomas F. Northrup, Hector Mendez‐Figueroa, Ricardo A. Mosquera, Juliette C. Madan, Debra M. MacKenzie, Johnnye Lewis, Brandon Rennie, Bennett Leventhal, Young S. Kim, Somer Bishop, Sara S. Nozadi, Li Luo, Barry M. Lester, Carmen J. Marsit, Todd M. Everson, Cynthia M. Loncar, Elisabeth C. McGowan, Stephen J. Sheinkopf, Jennifer Check, Jennifer Helderman, Charles R. Neal, Lynne M. Smith · 发表于：JAMA Network Open · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.9205 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Birth, Development, and Health、Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies、Gestational Diabetes Research and Management

Importance: Higher blood pressure in early life may signal cardiovascular disease over the life course, but determinants of blood pressure in early life are poorly understood. Objective: To examine the association of maternal cardiometabolic risk factors during pregnancy with offspring blood pressure from age 2 to 18 years and explore whether the association is modified by offspring sex and race and ethnicity. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study analyzed data from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes program between January 1, 1994, and March 31, 2023. Three common maternal cardiometabolic risk factors during pregnancy were examined: prepregnancy obesity, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Exposure: Maternal cardiometabolic risk factors were retrieved and harmonized from medical records and questionnaires. Main Outcomes and Measures: Offspring systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) percentiles adjusted for age, sex, and height were calculated. Results: Among 12 480 mother-offspring pairs (mean [SD] maternal age during pregnancy, 29.9 [6.4] years; 856 of 12 303 identifying as Asian [7.0%]; 1908 as Black [15.5%]; 2305 as Hispanic [18.7%]; 6522 as White [52.3%], and 712 as other [5.8%] race and ethnicity), at least 1 maternal cardiometabolic risk factor was present in 5537 (44.4%), with prepregnancy obesity being the most prevalent (3072 [24.6%]), followed by HDP (1693 [13.6%]) and gest...