Neodymium nitrate promotes the apoptosis of mouse liver cells via Bcl2l1/Caspase 3 pathway

作者：Jing Leng, Ning Wang, Xiuli Chang, Xiaopeng Zhang, Jing Xu, Zhengli Yang, Ke-lei Qian, Zhi-qing Zheng, Gonghua Tao, Xudong Jia, Ping Xiao, Xinyu Hong · 发表于：Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1080/15376516.2025.2501253 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis、Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity、Chromium effects and bioremediation

Background Neodymium, as a strategic rare earth element (REE), has demonstrated bioaccumulative potential and can permeate human systems through inhalation of airborne particulates, ingestion of contaminated food/water, and dermal absorption from soil matrices, ultimately eliciting multi-organ toxicological manifestations. However, the hepatotoxicological profile of neodymium species and their pathophysiological mechanisms remain inadequately characterized. Neodymium nitrate (Nd(NO3)3), the predominant water-soluble neodymium species, exhibits marked bioavailability with particular hepatic tropism.Objective This study aims to investigate the effects of neodymium nitrate on apoptosis of mouse liver cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms.Results Mouse liver cell line AML12 was treated with gradient concentrations of neodymium nitrate. The results showed that neodymium nitrate inhibited liver cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and exhibited a dose-dependent relationship. Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that neodymium nitrate suppressed Bcl2l1 transcription and activated the proteolysis of Caspase 3. To further explore the molecular mechanism, Bcl2l1 protein was overexpressed in mouse liver cells. The findings indicated that overexpression of Bcl2l1 rescued neodymium nitrate-induced apoptotic phenotypes and attenuated Caspase 3 cleavage.Conclusion The present data suggest that neodymium nitrate induces apoptosis of mouse liver cells t...