Oral Microbiome Profile of the US Population

作者：Anil K. Chaturvedi, Emily Vogtmann, Jianxin Shi, Yukiko Yano, Martin J. Blaser, Nicholas A. Bokulich, J. Gregory Caporaso, Maura L. Gillison, Barry I. Graubard, Xing Hua, Autumn G. Hullings, Lisa Kahle, Rob Knight, Shilan Li, Jody McLean, Vaishnavi Purandare, Yunhu Wan, Neal D. Freedman, Christian C. Abnet · 发表于：JAMA Network Open · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.8283 · 被引用次数：40 · 研究领域：Oral microbiology and periodontitis research、Gut microbiota and health、Dental Health and Care Utilization

Importance: The oral microbiome likely plays key roles in human health. Yet, population-representative characterizations are lacking. Objective: To characterize the composition, diversity, and correlates of the oral microbiome in US adults. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the population-representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2009 to 2012. Microbiome data were made publicly available in 2024. NHANES participants were aged 18 to 69 years and provided oral rinse samples in 1 of 2 consecutive NHANES cycles (2009-2010 and 2011-2012). Exposures: Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, anthropometric, metabolic, and clinical characteristics. Main Outcomes and Measures: Oral microbiome measures, characterized through 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, included α diversity (observed amplicon sequence variants [ASVs], Faith phylogenetic diversity, Shannon-Weiner Index, and Simpson Index); β diversity (unweighted UniFrac, weighted UniFrac, and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity); and prevalence and relative abundance at phylum level through genus level. Analyses accounted for the NHANES complex sample design. Results: This study included 8237 US adults aged 18 to 69 years, representing 202 314 000 individuals (102 813 000 men [50.8%]; mean [SD] age, 42.3 [14.4] years; 9.3% self-reported as Mexican American, 12.1% as non-Hispanic Black, 64.7% as non-Hispanic White, 5.9% as other Hispanic, and 8.1% as other non...