Dual-stage feature specialization network for robust visual object detection in autonomous vehicles

作者：Ze Liu, Junhua Wu, Yingfeng Cai, Hai Wang, Long Chen, Qingchao Liu · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-025-99363-4 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Advanced Neural Network Applications、Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods、Infrared Target Detection Methodologies

Efficient feature representation is critical for accurate visual perception in autonomous vehicles. Existing two-stage object detection methods often suffer from feature interference between candidate region generation and classification regression tasks, leading to suboptimal performance in complex scenes. To address this, we propose a Dual-Stage Feature Specialization Network (DSFSN) that decouples feature extraction: MobileNetV3 is employed for lightweight candidate region generation, while ResNet-FPN enhances multi-scale feature fusion for precise classification. Extensive experiments on PASCAL VOC and MS COCO datasets demonstrate state-of-the-art performance, achieving 81.6% mAP (9.3% higher than Faster R-CNN) and 29.3% AP on MS COCO, with a 14.9% improvement in small object detection. Real-world tests under diverse conditions (e.g., rain, night) validate the robustness of our method for autonomous driving applications. This work provides a novel framework for balancing accuracy and efficiency in visual perception systems.