Microalgae as a sustainable source of carotenoids: Strategies to improve yield and productivity

作者：Wan Adibah Wan Mahari, Wan Aizuddin Wan Razali, Yoong Kit Leong, Sharma Vishal, Vaibhav Sunil Tambat, Himanshu Pathak, Nyuk Ling, Siew Moi Phang, Cheng‐Di Dong, Su Shiung Lam · 发表于：Journal of environmental chemical engineering · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.jece.2025.116848 · 被引用次数：12 · 研究领域：Algal biology and biofuel production

This review explores current strategies to improve carotenoid yield and productivity in microalgae , positioning them as a sustainable source of high-value bioactive compounds . It delves into the biochemical pathways of carotenoid synthesis and highlights the significance of microalgae in various industrial applications, including nutraceuticals , cosmetics, and functional foods. Emphasis is placed on innovative cultivation techniques such as the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), two-stage culture systems, and optimization of light wavelengths and flashing light, all aimed at enhancing carotenoid accumulation. A techno-economic analysis evaluates the cost-effectiveness and market dynamics of carotenoid production from microalgal biomass, assessing outcomes from case studies and comparative assessments to illustrate economic advantages. This review also discusses policy development and government support as crucial drivers for the sustainable growth of microalgal biorefineries. It also examines challenges related to scalability and explores future directions, including genetic engineering for enhanced carotenoids production. The review is aligned with the goals of fostering industrial sustainability through the application of innovative biotechnological processes, presenting pathways for advancing both economic and ecological goals.