Anti-Freezing Conductive Ionic Hydrogel-Enabled Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Wearable Speech Recognition

作者：Tao Chen, Andeng Liu, Wentao Lei, Guoxu Wu, J. XIANG, Yixin Dong, Yangyang Chen, Bingqi Chen, Meidan Ye, Jizhong Zhao, Wenxi Guo · 发表于：Materials · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/ma18092014 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials、Conducting polymers and applications、Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication

Flexible wearable electronics face critical challenges in achieving reliable physiological monitoring, particularly due to the trade-off between sensitivity and durability in flexible electrodes, compounded by mechanical modulus mismatch with biological tissues. To address these limitations, we develop an anti-freezing ionic hydrogel through a chitosan/acrylamide/LiCl system engineered via the solution post-treatment strategy. The optimized hydrogel exhibits exceptional ionic conductivity (24.1 mS/cm at 25 °C) and excellent cryogenic tolerance. Leveraging these attributes, we construct a gel-based triboelectric nanogenerator (G-TENG) that demonstrates ultrahigh sensitivity (1.56 V/kPa) under low pressure. The device enables the precise capture of subtle vibrations at a frequency of 1088 Hz with a signal-to-noise ratio of 16.27 dB and demonstrates operational stability (>16,000 cycles), successfully differentiating complex physiological activities including swallowing, coughing, and phonation. Through machine learning-assisted analysis, the system achieves 96.56% recognition accuracy for five words and demonstrates good signal recognition ability in different ambient sound scenarios. This work provides a paradigm for designing environmentally adaptive wearable sensors through interfacial modulus engineering and ion transport optimization.