Using Digital Phenotyping to Discriminate Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Disorder: Systematic Review

作者：Rongrong Zhong, XiaoHui Wu, Jun Chen, Yiru Fang · 发表于：Journal of Medical Internet Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.2196/72229 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Digital Mental Health Interventions、Bipolar Disorder and Treatment、Treatment of Major Depression

BACKGROUND: Differentiating bipolar disorder (BD) from unipolar depression (UD) is essential, as these conditions differ greatly in their progression and treatment approaches. Digital phenotyping, which involves using data from smartphones or other digital devices to assess mental health, has emerged as a promising tool for distinguishing between these two disorders. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to achieve two goals: (1) to summarize the existing literature on the use of digital phenotyping to directly distinguish between UD and BD and (2) to review studies that use digital phenotyping to classify UD, BD, and healthy control (HC) individuals. Furthermore, the review sought to identify gaps in the current research and propose directions for future studies. METHODS: We systematically searched the Scopus, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases up to March 20, 2025. Studies were included if they used portable or wearable digital tools to directly distinguish between UD and BD, or to classify UD, BD, and HC. Original studies published in English, including both journal and conference papers, were included, while reviews, narrative reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded. Articles were excluded if the diagnosis was not made through a professional medical evaluation or if they relied on electronic health records or clinical data. For each included study, the following information was extracted: demographic characteristics,...