The relationship between blood urea nitrogen to serum albumin ratio and cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus

作者：Hongwei Zhu, Wei Xie, Peng Wang, Shuyuan Jiang, Yunqi Hua, Guo Shao, Zhihui Li · 发表于：Frontiers in Endocrinology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fendo.2025.1456731 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis、Nutrition and Health in Aging、Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes

Background: The relationship between the Blood Urea Nitrogen to Albumin Ratio (BAR) and cardiovascular diseases in diabetes, as well as cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, is not yet entirely understood. This study aimed to examine the correlation between the serum urea nitrogen to albumin ratio and cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality in diabetes. Methods: A total of 7043 adult diabetes patients were included from the NHANES database from 2001 to 2018. The relationship between BAR and cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus was verified using baseline characteristic analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis, multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis, smoothed fitted curves, and subgroup analysis. Results: Results of the logistic regression analysis indicated a substantial positive association, between the BAR and the risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes (HR, 1.09 [95% CI 1.06-1.12], p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis revealed a substantial positive association between the BAR and the risk of cardiovascular (OR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.10-1.17], p < 0.001) and all-cause mortality (OR, 1.12 [95% CI 1.11-1.14], p < 0.001) in diabetes. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves indicated a non-linear relationship between BAR and the risk of cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality in...