Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed Individuals in 31 Provincial-Level Administrative Divisions in China in 2023: A Cross-sectional Survey

作者：Jingjing Hao, Xiu Liu, Dong Wang, Hongping Hu, Fangyuan Li, Yantong Li, Jing Hu, Chang Song, Yuhua Ruan, Yi Feng, Zheng Wang, Yiming Shao, Lingjie Liao, Hui Xing · 发表于：Clinical Infectious Diseases · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1093/cid/ciaf159 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment、HIV Research and Treatment、HIV-related health complications and treatments

BACKGROUND: Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) may compromise the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART), highlighting the necessity for continuous monitoring. METHODS: The study was conducted across 31 provincial-level administrative divisions of China. Demographic information and blood samples were collected from participants at diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection between April and June 2023. TDR and molecular transmission networks were analyzed based on partial pol sequences via the Stanford HIV drug resistance database and HIV-TRACE, respectively. Logistic regression was utilized to identify factors associated with TDR. RESULTS: HIV drug resistance genotyping was successfully performed on plasma samples from 6654 individuals. The overall TDR prevalence was 11.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.6%-12.2%). Resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) was 7.9%, 0.8%, 2.4%, and 1.0%, respectively. TDR to efavirenz/nevirapine (EFV/NVP) was 6.5%. According to the surveillance drug resistance mutation list, the prevalence of TDR to total, NNRTIs, NRTIs, PIs, and INSTIs was 8.2%, 6.4%, 1.0%, 0.7%, and 0.4%. Multivariable analysis linked TDR to non-Han ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.45 [95% CI, 1.17-1.79]), unknown transmission routes (AOR, 2.56 [95% CI, 1.33-4.90]), and CD4 ≥500 cells/μL (AOR, 1...