Single- vs mixed-species plantations: A systematic review on the effects on biodiversity

作者：Klaus Kremer, Bengt‐Gunnar Jonsson, Trishna Dutta, Mayra F. Tavares, Jürgen Bauhus · 发表于：Biological Conservation · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111182 · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management、Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies、Forest Management and Policy

Despite increasing evidence suggesting mixed-species plantations promote biodiversity, a comprehensive quantitative analysis of this knowledge is lacking. We systematically reviewed 71 studies to evaluate the effects of mixed versus pure tree plantations on biodiversity. Using descriptive statistics and meta-analyses, we explored: a) the effects of mixed plantations on forest-related biodiversity; b) variations in these effects with climate, stand age, and with the richness, relative abundance, and functional diversity of the planted species; and c) differences in responses across taxonomic and functional groups. Our meta-analyses revealed a significant positive effect of mixed-species plantations on taxonomic diversity. However, most observations (64%) reported no significant effects. Positive effects are more frequent in mixtures with more than two species (49%), compared to two-species mixtures (29%), and were strongest in tropical climates (78%), followed by temperate (26%) and continental climates (14%). Among taxonomic and functional groups, positive mixing effects are most frequent for birds (75%), followed by litter microbiota (47%), understory plants (40%), and above-ground arthropods (29%), while soil-dwelling micro-organisms (22%) and soil mesofauna (4%) appear less sensitive. Mixing conifers and broadleaves does not enhance biodiversity benefits, suggesting higher functional diversity may be better achieved by targeting specific species and traits. The limited eff...