Efficient fertilization pattern for rice production within the rice-wheat systems

作者：Shen Gao, Haoyu Qian, Weiwei Li, Yuhui Wang, Jianwei Zhang, Weike Tao, Jie Sun, Yanfeng Ding, Zhenghui Liu, Yu Jiang, Ganghua Li · 发表于：Field Crops Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.fcr.2025.109925 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement、Crop Yield and Soil Fertility、Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics

Context Rice is a staple food for nearly half of the global population. Traditional nitrogen (N) fertilization practices, characterized by high inputs and frequent applications, face increasing challenges related to low N use efficiency (NUE) and rising labor costs. Research question Previous studies have highlighted the benefits of controlled-release blended fertilizers (CRBF) for enhancing rice production. While limited research has been conducted on the effects of CRBF with different fertilization techniques and their applicability within rice-wheat systems. Methods A three-year field experiment was conducted at two sites with contrasting soil fertility levels. Six treatments were evaluated: broadcast conventional fertilization of urea (BCF), broadcast conventional fertilization of urea with a 25 % reduction in N (BRF), broadcast fertilization of CRBF with a 25 % reduction in N (BBF), whole-layer fertilization of CRBF with a 25 % reduction in N (WBF), side-deep fertilization of CRBF with a 25 % reduction in N (SBF), and a control without N fertilization. Results Compared to BCF, SBF increased rice yield by 3.2–8.8 % primarily due to a 5.1–6.7 % increase in panicle numbers, and all CRBF treatments enhanced NUE by 27.6–60.8 % with SBF exhibiting the highest. Notably, SBF improved rice yield and NUE by 6.0–7.0 % and 19.4–25.2 % compared to other CRBF treatments in low-fertility site, respectively, while no significant differences were observed among CRBF treatments in high-fe...