Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Technology and Its Thermal Applications

作者：Chunchao Wu, Yonghong Zhao, Wulin Li, Jianjun Fan, Haixiang Xu, Zhongqian Ling, Dingkun Yuan, Xianyang Zeng · 发表于：Energies · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/en18082120 · 被引用次数：16 · 研究领域：Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems

The industrial sector accounts for approximately 65% of global energy consumption, with projections indicating a steady annual increase of 1.2% in energy demand. In the context of growing concerns about climate change and the need for sustainable energy solutions, solar thermal energy has emerged as a promising technology for reducing reliance on fossil fuels. With its ability to provide high-efficiency heat for industrial processes at temperatures ranging from 150 °C to over 500 °C, solar thermal power generation offers significant potential for decarbonizing energy-intensive industries. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of various solar thermal technologies, including parabolic troughs, solar towers, and linear Fresnel reflectors, comparing their effectiveness across different industrial applications such as process heating, desalination, and combined heat and power (CHP) systems. For instance, parabolic trough systems have demonstrated optimal performance in high-temperature applications, achieving efficiency levels up to 80% for steam generation, while solar towers are particularly suitable for large-scale, high-temperature operations, reaching temperatures above 1000 °C. The paper also evaluates the economic feasibility of these technologies, showing that solar thermal systems can achieve a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of USD 60–100 per MWh, making them competitive with conventional energy sources in many regions. However, challenges such as high initial i...