Tongfu Xingshen capsule alleviates stroke-associated pneumonia-induced multiple organ injuries by modulating the gut microbiota and sphingolipid metabolism

作者：Ruihua Wang, Changlian Gan, Baoying Gong, Juan Huang, Zhenzhen Lou, D.H. Wang, Ru Yan, Geng Li, Tianqin Xiong, Jianwen Guo · 发表于：Phytomedicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156756 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research、Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling、Gut microbiota and health

BACKGROUND: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) represents a major complication and cause of death in patients suffering from intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). It's urgent to develop more effective therapeutic strategies. Tongfu Xingshen capsule (TFXS) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been utilised in clinical studies for the treatment of ICH and SAP, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. PURPOSE: This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of TFXS on SAP using an aspiration-induced Klebsiella pneumoniae infection-complicating ICH rat model and an intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury-complicating ICH rat model. METHODS: The chemical components of TFXS are characterised using ULPLC-Q Exactive-Orbitrap-MS. The therapeutic effects of TFXS are evaluated through neurological scoring, histopathology analysis, magnetic resonance imaging, immunofluorescence, Alcian blue-nuclear fast red staining, myeloperoxidase activity assessment, leukocyte counting, and ELISA. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, faecal microbiota transplantation, 16S rRNA sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, and Spearman correlation analyses are performed. RESULTS: A total of 60 compounds are identified in TFXS. Pharmacological analysis reveals that TFXS significantly mitigates neurological deficits, enhances haematoma absorption, attenuates brain damage and neuroinflammation, and improves pneumonia and pulmonary inj...