Reverse‑sequence endoscopic nipple‑sparing mastectomy with direct‑to‑implant breast reconstruction and air inflation adjustment technique in patients with large or severely ptotic breast: a single-center prospective cohort study

作者：Hui Dai, Xiaoman Cao, Hao Wu, Faqing Liang, Yanyan Xie, Kawun Chung, Qing Zhang, Tianyuan Li, Zhenggui Du · 发表于：International Journal of Surgery · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1097/js9.0000000000002389 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Breast Implant and Reconstruction、Breast Cancer Treatment Studies、Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques

BACKGROUND: The applicability of reverse-sequence endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (R-E-NSM) with direct-to-implant breast reconstruction (DIBR) is worth exploring in patients with large or severely ptotic breasts (LSPB) who were not recommended or even considered contraindicated in open NSM, conventional endoscopic NSM, and robotic NSM. The study aimed to compare the safety and aesthetic outcomes between patients with LSPB and non-LSPB (NLSPB) undergoing R-E-NSM with DIBR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The single-center prospective cohort study enrolled 562 patients undergoing R-E-NSM and DIBR. Surgical safety, aesthetic outcomes, and oncologic safety were compared between patients with LSPB and NLSPB. RESULTS: After propensity score matching, 88 LSPB patients and 256 NLSPB patients were included (median [interquartile range] follow-up time: 21.0 [13.8, 32.4] vs. 23.0 [10.6, 32.2] months, P = 0.889). The mastectomy weight was significantly higher in the LSPB group (576.6 ± 144.8 g vs. 330.1 ± 105.7 g, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in any complications (27.3% vs. 22.7%, P = 0.381), major complications (6.8% vs. 3.1%, P = 0.230), minor complications (20.5% vs. 21.1%, P = 0.889) and implant-related complications (21.6% vs. 24.6%, P = 0.566) between the LSPB and the NLSPB groups. In the LSPB group, the Ueda scores in patients with air inflation adjustment technique (AIAT) were better than those without AIAT, though no significant difference ( P = 0.110). Compare...