Novel derivatives of brincidofovir and (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine inhibit orthopoxviruses and human adenoviruses more potently than brincidofovir

作者：Yifan Zhang, Yanmin Wan, Cuiyuan Guo, Zhaoqin Zhu, Chao Qiu, Jiasheng Lu, Yanan Zhou, Jiaojiao Zheng, Fahui Dai, Xiaoyang Cheng, Kunlu Deng, Wanhai Wang, Youchun Wang, Wenhong Zhang · 发表于：Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41392-025-02207-w · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Poxvirus research and outbreaks、Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments、Plant Virus Research Studies

Abstract Brincidofovir (BCV) and tecovirimat are the only two chemical drugs that have been approved to treat smallpox and can be requested for monkeypox (Mpox) treatment through a single-patient Emergency Investigational New Drug (EIND) application. Disappointedly, the efficacy of tecovirimat manifested in recent clinical trials is far from being satisfactory, while the clinical efficacy of BCV is still inconclusive. Given that monkeypox virus (MPXV), variola and other emerging orthopoxviruses are posing serious threats to global health, it is urgent to develop better therapeutics. In this study, we tested the antiviral effects of three novel prodrugs, which were designed based on previously reported parent drugs, either (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine ((S)-HPMPC, cidofovir) or (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine ((S)-HPMPA). We found that one of the (S)-HPMPA-based prodrugs, ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate, exhibited significantly better anti-orthopoxvirus activity than BCV both in vitro and in vivo, which also inhibited human adenovirus type 2 and type 21 more efficiently than BCV. Most strikingly, the EC 50 and EC 90 of ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate against MPXV were more than 40-fold lower than those of BCV. In contrast, we observed that the anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activities of the (S)-HPMPA-based prodrugs were less effective than those of the cidofovir-based prodrugs (BCV and BCV formate), especially in vivo. Moreover, we showed for th...