Navigating thyroid cancer complexity: the emerging role of EV-derived non-coding RNAs

作者：Meng Jia, Jiawen Liang, Lu Gao, Na Wei, Qin Ye, Qianqian Li, Xintao Wang, Jian Zheng, Hao Wang, Jie Wang, Shuo Wang, Xiubo Lu · 发表于：Cell Death Discovery · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41420-025-02411-1 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Extracellular vesicles in disease、MicroRNA in disease regulation、Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis

Thyroid cancer (TC), which arises from the epithelial cells of the thyroid gland, is experiencing a significant increase in incidence globally. TC encompasses various subtypes, including papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid cancers, each with distinct pathological and clinical features. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), are naturally occurring and nanosized lipid bilayers, and can be secreted by almost all cell types. EVs, comprising microvesicles and exosomes, are pivotal in mediating intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment. Notably, EVs possess unique properties such as stability in circulation and the ability to traverse biological barriers, enhancing their role as carriers of molecular information. EVs carry non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, which are crucial regulators of gene expression. Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of EV-derived ncRNAs in influencing thyroid cancer progression, metastasis, and immune modulation by mediating intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment. The expression of EV-derived ncRNAs varies across different stages of thyroid cancer, reflecting potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and targets for therapy. This review delves into the multifaceted roles of EV-ncRNAs in thyroid cancer, emphasizing their impact on tumor growth, metastatic potential, and immune interactions, while also exploring their promising applications in early diagnosis ...