Multidimensional insights into the biodiversity of Streptomyces in soils of China: a pilot study

作者：Ziguang Deng, Wei Yang, Tongtong Lin, Yaohai Wang, Xiaojing Hua, Xiaoyu Jiang, Junhao Chen, Dan Liu, Zhiqiang Ye, Yu Zhang, Michael Lynch, Hongan Long, Jiao Pan · 发表于：Microbiology Spectrum · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1128/spectrum.01692-24 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Actinomycetales infections and treatment、Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies、Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis

ABSTRACT Streptomyces, a diverse group of filamentous bacteria found predominantly in soil, play a crucial role in nutrient cycling and produce many valuable secondary metabolites for the pharmaceutical industry. In this pilot study, we collected 19 soil samples from 14 provinces in China to preliminarily investigate the biodiversity and genetic structure of Streptomyces in soils of China from different dimensions, using recently developed cost-efficient amplicon and whole-genome library preparation methods. Amplicon analysis showed that Actinobacteria were among the most abundant bacteria, with 0.3% of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) belonging to Streptomyces . Meanwhile, we successfully isolated 136 Streptomyces natural strains and assembled their genomes, including 26 previously unreported species, underscoring the need for further exploration of soil Streptomyces in China. Population genetics analysis revealed that homologous recombination may primarily drive the extensive genetic diversity observed in Streptomyces , as well as a complex population structure. Complementing this, pan-genome analysis shed light on gene diversity within Streptomyces and led to the discovery of rare genes, further emphasizing the vast genetic diversity of this genus. Additionally, multiple metabolic gene clusters were found in these Streptomyces strains, as well as some potentially unique or uncommon ones were found. These findings not only highlight the biological and metabolic diversity o...