Scientists’ warning on fossil fuels

作者：Shaye Wolf, Robert D. Bullard, Jonathan J. Buonocore, Nathan Donley, Trisia Farrelly, J Richard Fleming, David J. X. González, Наоми Орескес, William J. Ripple, Robin Saha, Mary D. Willis · 发表于：Oxford Open Climate Change · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1093/oxfclm/kgaf011 · 被引用次数：41 · 研究领域：Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics、Global Energy and Sustainability Research、Climate Change Communication and Perception

Abstract The evidence is clear that fossil fuels—and the fossil fuel industry and its enablers—are driving a multitude of interlinked crises that jeopardize the breadth and stability of life on Earth. Every stage of the fossil fuel life cycle—extraction, processing, transport, and combustion or conversion to petrochemical products—emits planet-heating greenhouse gases and health-harming pollutants, in addition to causing widespread environmental degradation. We review the vast scientific evidence showing that fossil fuels and the fossil fuel industry are the root cause of the climate crisis, harm public health, worsen environmental injustice, accelerate biodiversity extinction, and fuel the petrochemical pollution crisis. Fossil fuels are responsible for millions of premature deaths, trillions of dollars in damages, and the escalating disruption of ecosystems, threatening people, wildlife, and a livable future. The fossil fuel industry has obscured and concealed this evidence through a decades-long, multi-billion-dollar disinformation campaign aimed at blocking action to phase out fossil fuels. We focus on the United States as the world’s largest oil and gas producer and dominant contributor to these fossil fuel crises. We present the science-and-justice-based solutions that already exist for governments and civil society to restrict the influence of the fossil fuel industry, stop fossil fuel expansion, phase out fossil fuel production and use, and make a rapid, just transiti...