Gatekeeper training for suicide prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

作者：Hui Liu, Chao‐Hui Zheng, Yu Cao, Fanyan Zeng, Huiting Chen, Wei Gao · 发表于：BMC Public Health · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12889-025-21736-1 · 被引用次数：19 · 研究领域：Suicide and Self-Harm Studies、COVID-19 and Mental Health、Digital Mental Health Interventions

Gatekeeper training (GKT) aims to enhance suicide gatekeepers’ (GKs) abilities in assessing suicide risk, identify those at-risk and refer them. However, existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on GKT have not produced definitive results. This study reviewed RCTs on GKT to provide evidence for developing effective suicide prevention strategies. We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, Medrxiv, and Ebsco for English-language RCTs published between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2024. Two authors independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed by using I 2 statistic, and publication bias was evaluated through funnel plots and Egger's regression. We stratified participants into subgroups by characteristics and categorized interventions by delivery mode (online vs. offline). Post-test and follow-up data were integrated into a unified model, with follow-ups classified as short-term (1–5 months) or long-term (> 5 months). All analyses were performed using R version 3.4.0, following the PRISMA guidelines (registration number: CRD42024507513). Sixteen studies were included. Compared to the control group, gatekeepers showed increased suicide knowledge (SMD = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.32 – 1.13) and enhanced self-eff...