Temperature-based strategy for enhanced nitrogen removal in mainstream via selectively strengthening anammox or denitrification

作者：Wentao Zhou, Qiong Zhang, Bo Wang, Feng Hou, Hongtao Pang, Yuanyuan Guo, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng · 发表于：npj Clean Water · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41545-025-00448-4 · 被引用次数：26 · 研究领域：Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal、Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction、Tracheal and airway disorders

To address the instability challenges of Partial Nitrification and Anammox (PNA) at low temperatures, this study introduces a temperature-based nitrogen removal process and demonstrates its feasibility in a pilot-scale system. The temperature-based strategy allows for the selective enhancement of anammox at higher temperatures (>20 °C) or denitrification at moderate and lower temperatures (≤20 °C). Nitrogen removal efficiencies of 93.8%, 72.1%, and 59.1% were achieved under >20 °C, 15–20 °C, and <15 °C, with corresponding effluent qualities of 3.0 mg/L, 9.6 mg/L, and 13.7 mg/L. As temperatures decreased, anammox contributions to nitrogen removal weakened from 88.4% to 8.2%, while denitrification contributions increased from 10.1% to 90.1%. Anammox bacteria exhibit a competitive advantage over denitrifying bacteria at higher temperatures, evidenced by the abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia at 7.13%. Denitratesoma was enriched to 3.47% at moderate and low temperatures, effectively supporting nitrogen removal robustness. This study provides insights into the seasonal optimization of mainstream anammox processes.