Individual- and Group-Level Disparities Between Racial and Ethnic Groups in Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility Criteria

作者：Corey D. Young, Hormuzd A. Katki, Li C. Cheung, M. Patricia Rivera, Hilary A. Robbins, Melinda C. Aldrich, Jeffrey D. Blume, Anil K. Chaturvedi, Rebecca Landy · 发表于：JAMA Network Open · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.2172 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment、Global Cancer Incidence and Screening、Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations

Importance: Lung cancer screening guidelines result in differential screening eligibility among individuals who might benefit equally from screening and in population-level differences in screening eligibility and benefit across races and ethnicities. Objective: To inform lung cancer screening policy development by evaluating how enforcing (1) equal lung cancer screening eligibility for all individuals with equal benefit and (2) equal program sensitivity across racial and ethnic subgroups are associated with screening eligibility and benefit. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional comparative effectiveness study included 6915 members of the US noninstitutionalized population aged 50 to 80 years who ever smoked and who participated in the 2015 National Health Interview Survey. Statistical analysis was performed from May 2022 to April 2024. Exposure: Lung cancer screening eligibility is based on the LYFS-CT (life-years gained from screening-computed tomography) prediction model, which predicts gain in life expectancy from screening, where individuals are eligible if their predicted benefit exceeds a threshold across all possible thresholds. Main Outcomes and Measures: The proportion of individuals aged 50 to 80 years who ever smoked who are eligible for screening, the percentage of predicted gainable life gained from screening (program sensitivity), and the number needed to screen to gain 10 years of life (screening efficiency), by race and ethnicity. Results: ...