Interaction between gut microbiota and T cell immunity in colorectal cancer

作者：Zhuang Jing, Wu Yinhang, Jian Chu, Qu Zhanbo, Xinyue Wu, Han Shuwen · 发表于：Autoimmunity Reviews · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.autrev.2025.103807 · 被引用次数：16 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research、Gastrointestinal motility and disorders

This review delves into the complex and multi-layered mechanisms that govern the interaction between gut microbiota and T cells in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC), revealing a novel "microbiota-immune regulatory landscape" within the tumor microenvironment. As CRC progresses, the gut microbiota experiences a significant transformation in both its composition and metabolic patterns. On one hand, specific microbial entities within the gut microbiota can directly engage with T cells, functioning as "immunological triggers" that shape T-cell behavior. Simultaneously, microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids and bile acids, serve as "molecular regulators" that intricately govern T-cell function and differentiation, fine-tuning the immune response. On the other hand, the quorum-sensing mechanism, a recently recognized communication network among bacteria, also plays a pivotal role in orchestrating T-cell immunity. Additionally, the gut microbiota forms an intriguing connection with the neuro-immune regulatory axis, a largely unexplored "territory" in CRC research. Regarding treatment strategies, a diverse array of intervention approaches-including dietary modifications, the utilization of probiotics, bacteriophages, and targeted antibiotic therapies-offer promising prospects for restoring the equilibrium of the gut microbiota, thereby acting as "ecosystem renovators" that impede tumor initiation and progression. Nevertheless, the current research landscape in t...