Healthy dietary patterns, biological aging, and kidney stones: evidence from NHANES 2007–2018

作者：Chengcheng Wei, Qian Yang, Jing He, Yu Luo, Kun Han, J. Li, Shuai Su, Jindong Zhang, Hongxing Wang, Delin Wang · 发表于：Frontiers in Nutrition · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fnut.2025.1538289 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments、Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes、Dialysis and Renal Disease Management

Background: This study aims to investigate the comprehensive association between healthy dietary patterns, biological aging, and kidney stones in a large population-based cohort. Methods: We analyzed data from 6 cycles of NHANES surveys from 2007 to 2018 and included a total of 26,755 participants. The association was examined using logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and a mediation model. Machine learning with Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) was used to determine the relative importance of dietary factors. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to validate the stability of the results. Results: A higher healthy dietary score was significantly associated with a reduced risk of kidney stone prevalence, as indicated by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.69-0.84), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Index (DASHI) (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.58-0.77), the Healthy Eating Index 2020 (HEI-2020) (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.72-0.89), and the Mediterranean Diet Index (MEDI) (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.73-0.89). Conversely, higher aging indicators were associated with an increased risk of kidney stones, including the following: Klemera-Doubal Method Age (KDMAge) (OR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.70-3.37) and Phenotypic Age (PhenoAge) (OR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.75-3.19). Mediation analyses suggested that aging indicators significantly mediated the relationship between healthy dietary patterns and kidney stones. Machine learning with SHAP revealed the relative importance of die...