Design and Implementation of the Protein-Distinct Macronutrient-Equivalent Diet (PRODMED) Study: An Eighteen-Week Randomized Crossover Feeding Trial Among Free-Living Rural Older Adults

作者：Bruna O de Vargas, Saba Vaezi, Jessica L Freeling, Yizi Zhang, Lee Weidauer, Chih-Ling Lee, Jing Zhao, Moul Dey · 发表于：Current Developments in Nutrition · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104588 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact、Nutritional Studies and Diet、Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet

Background Despite growing emphasis on plant-based eating, animal protein consumption remains high among Americans. The biological effects of different dietary protein sources within healthy plant-forward whole-diet patterns are poorly understood, and controlled-feeding methodologies for examining potential impacts are underreported. Objectives This methods-report describes feasible approaches for menu planning and protein quality assessment within a 2-arm crossover randomized controlled feeding trial over 18 wk among rural Midwestern older adults. The primary trial aims to evaluate the effect of 2 protein-distinct diets on age-related health risk factors. The objectives of this methods-report are to 1 ) describe the development of preportioned, ready-to-eat, macronutrient-matched, low ultra-processed, plant-forward, protein-distinct menus aligned with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for home consumption, and 2 ) present evidence-based strategies addressing the unique challenges posed by an all-food-provided, protein-distinct intervention. Methods Participants completed 2 8-wk feeding phases separated by a 2-wk washout; one arm consisting of 162 g/d of lean pork (meat-protein source) and the other an equivalent amount of protein from pulses (plant-protein source). These primary proteins contributed ≥45% of protein intake within a 2000 kcal/d cyclic menu. Data quality, adherence, and participant experience were assessed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result...