Identification and characterization of mitochondrial autophagy-related genes in osteosarcoma and predicting clinical prognosis

作者：Hongliang Zhang, Jingyu Zhang, Kai Zhu, Shuang Li, Jinwei Liu, Boya Guan, Hong Zhang, Changbao Chen, Yancheng Liu · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-025-95173-w · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research、RNA modifications and cancer、MicroRNA in disease regulation

Osteosarcoma (OS), the most prevalent primary malignant bone tumor, is characterized by a poor prognosis and high metastatic potential. Mitochondrial autophagy has been implicated in cancer suppression. This study aimed to identify prognostic genes associated with mitochondrial autophagy in OS. Public datasets, including TARGET-OS, GSE99671, and GSE21257, were retrieved for analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs1) between OS and normal samples were identified from GSE99671. Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) was applied to quantify the enrichment scores of 29 mitochondrial autophagy-related genes (MARGs) in OS samples from TARGET-OS, categorizing them into high- and low-score groups to extract DEGs2. The intersection of DEGs1 and DEGs2 yielded mitochondrial autophagy-associated differentially expressed genes (MDGs). Prognostic genes were subsequently screened through a multi-step regression analysis, and a risk score was computed. TARGET-OS samples were stratified into high- and low-risk groups based on the optimal cutoff value of the risk score. GSEA was conducted between the two risk groups. Additionally, associations between prognostic genes and the immune microenvironment were explored. A total of 31 MDGs were identified from the overlap of 3,207 DEGs1 and 622 DEGs2. Five prognostic genes-KLK2, NRXN1, HES5, OR2W3, and HS3ST4-were further selected. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated significantly reduced survival in the high-risk group. GSEA ...