Household Transmission and Genomic Diversity of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the United States, 2022–2023

作者：Sarah N. Cox, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Collrane Frivold, Zack Acker, Tara M Babu, Cassandra Boisvert, Marco Carone, Brenna Ehmen, Janet A. Englund, Leora R. Feldstein, Luis Fernando Gamboa, Sally Grindstaff, Hanna Grioni, Peter D. Han, Katherine L Hoffman, Hyeong Geon Kim, Jennifer L. Kuntz, Natalie Lo, Christina M. Lockwood, Kathryn McCaffrey, Richard A. Mularski, Tara L. Hatchie, Sacha Reich, Mark A. Schmidt, Ning Smith, Lea M. Starita, Alexandra Varga, Neil Yetz, Allison L. Naleway, Ana A. Weil, Helen Y. Chu · 发表于：Clinical Infectious Diseases · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1093/cid/ciaf048 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Respiratory viral infections research、SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing、Virus-based gene therapy research

BACKGROUND: Household transmission of respiratory viruses may drive community spread. Few recent studies have examined household respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) transmission in the United States. METHODS: We conducted a prospective community-based cohort study from 1 June 2022 to 31 May 2023. Participants had blood samples collected and completed nasal swabs and surveys at least weekly, irrespective of symptoms. We tested serum for RSV antibody, nasal swabs by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and performed whole genome sequencing. We evaluated secondary RSV transmission and associated risk factors based on a log-linear Poisson regression model. RESULTS: RSV was detected among 310 (10%) participants within 200 (20%) households. Most (94%) index cases were symptomatic. We identified 37 cases of potential secondary transmission within 14 days of a distinct index case (10%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7%, 14%); median age of index and secondary cases were 6 (interquartile range [IQR]: 3-10) and 35 (7-41) years, respectively, with 89% (24/27) of index cases aged 6 months to 12 years. Factors associated with increased risk of RSV transmission included index case viral detection ≥1 week and contact age ≤12 years. Of 120 sequenced specimens, the main lineages represented were A.d.5.2 (n = 37) and A.d.1 (n = 30). Sequenced viruses from households with ≥2 RSV infections were similar when occurring within ≤14 days (mean pairwise difference 4 [r...