A novel approach for estimating evapotranspiration by considering topographic effects in radiation over mountainous terrain

作者：Yixiao Zhang, Tao He, Shunlin Liang, Yichuan Ma, Yunjun Yao · 发表于：Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110468 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics、Urban Heat Island Mitigation、Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations

Mountains are one of the hotspots of climate change, and their complex morphology makes the monitoring of water and energy fluxes extremely challenging. Evapotranspiration ( ET ) is a crucial component of the water cycle and energy budget and its accurate estimation is essential for water resources management and ecosystem protection in mountains. It has been reported that the topography substantially controls the distribution of ET in mountainous terrain. However, most of the existing models neglect the impact of topography, leading to considerable errors and deviations for ET simulation. To address this issue, this study proposed a terrain-extended ET model (TEEB) based on the principle of energy balance, which can be used for ET estimation over complex terrains. Given the substantial impact of topography on net shortwave radiation ( NSR ), the mountain radiative transfer scheme was employed for NSR estimation, the net radiation model considering topographic effects was then constructed. Soil heat flux and sensible heat flux were then estimated from net radiation. The proposed TEEB model was tested using data from seven eddy covariance (EC) flux towers and a multidimensional comparison was made with the most widely used Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model. Regarding the results, the simulation of the TEEB model had a high consistency with EC measurements, with a root-mean-square-error of 0.713 mm/d, and was significantly superior to the SEBAL model. More...