Deep Learning Enhanced Near Infrared-II Imaging and Image-Guided Small Interfering Ribonucleic Acid Therapy of Ischemic Stroke

作者：Kai Yu, Lidan Fu, Yu Cao, Xiaodong Zeng, Yonggang Zhang, Yuanyuan Chen, Jialu Gao, Binchun Lu, Hua Zhu, Lijuan Gu, Xiaoxing Xiong, Zhenhua Hu, Xuechuan Hong, Yuling Xiao · 发表于：ACS Nano · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1021/acsnano.4c18035 · 被引用次数：31 · 研究领域：Brain Tumor Detection and Classification、Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research、Advanced Computing and Algorithms

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate infarct volume and brain injury following ischemic stroke. However, the clinical translation of siRNA-based therapies is significantly hampered by the formidable blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts drug penetration into the central nervous system. To address this challenge, we have developed an innovative long-circulating near-infrared II (NIR-II) nanoparticle platform YWFC NPs, which is meticulously engineered to enhance BBB transcytosis and enable efficient delivery of siRNA targeting NLRP3 (siNLRP3@YWFC NPs) in preclinical models of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we integrated advanced deep learning neural network algorithms to optimize in vivo NIR-II imaging of the cerebral infarct penumbra, achieving an improved signal-to-background ratio at 72 h poststroke. In vivo studies employing middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse models demonstrated that image-guided therapy with siNLRP3@YWFC NPs, guided by prolonged NIR-II imaging, resulted in significant therapeutic benefits.