Saccharomyces boulardii Alleviates Colitis by Regulating FXR-NLRP3 Mediated Macrophage Pyroptosis

作者：Lijiao Yang, Wanyu Li, Qianjing Zhao, Qi Mo, Tianyu Liu, Hailong Cao · 发表于：Journal of Inflammation Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.2147/jir.s504957 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Inflammasome and immune disorders、Inflammatory Bowel Disease、Selenium in Biological Systems

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC), a typical inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is pathologically defined by mucosal inflammation confined to the colonic mucosa. Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb), a commonly utilized probiotic yeast for managing digestive disorders like UC, has not been thoroughly investigated regarding its precise mechanisms for alleviating colitis. Increasing evidence indicates the involvement of FXR in UC. Meanwhile, the regulatory role of FXR on NLRP3 has garnered increasing attention. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of Sb supernatant (SbS) on colitis and elucidated the role of the FXR-NLRP3 signaling pathway in this process. Methods: A murine model of colitis was established through administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), followed by oral gavage with either SbS or the control Sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB) culture medium. The FXR activation, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition, and macrophage pyroptosis were evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. The effects of SbS in activating FXR, suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome and alleviating the colitis were assessed. Results: SbS ameliorated symptoms of DSS-induced colitis. Our data demonstrated that SbS elicited activation of FXR and concomitantly suppressed NLRP3 expression within the colonic tissue samples. Additionally, SbS was further observed to suppress the expression of cleaved caspase-1, a key effector protein in pyroptosis process, within the F4/80 + macrophage population. Moreover, SbS modula...